City charter documents, if available, could be accessed by clicking on the related external link (CA indicates Commonwealth Act, RA for Republic Act). (fred.dopfel{at}barclaysglobal.com) 1. But if only a small percentage of the poor will benefit from it and if it helps more people who are above the poverty line than those below it, [...], Globalization has created a real pathway for businesses to penetrate and exploit the potential of the Global South. Globalization’s Results in the Global North and South Globalization has created a real pathway for businesses to penetrate and exploit the potential of the Global South. Both types of workers such as blue collar and white collar workers are influenced by it, however, the impact on white collar workers is higher as millions of laborers are being migrated from one country to [...], Recently, globalization has played an important role in the national market economy of each country. Dados, Nour and Raewyn Connell. It divides the world into two blocs – the industrialized countries of the global North and the poor countries of the South on the global level of analysis. … In the Philippines, the goal of attaining sustainable development has been a primary consideration; therefore, global forces are often intended to achieve, and directed towards achieving this purpose. This exemplifies how the instability of the government then has led to the decrease of their economy now. Brandt, Willy. Those who work low skilled jobs possess the knowledge of sustaining their natural resources, skills such as knowning when to plant and when to harvest are being lost which adds to the countries dependency on other countries for goods that otherwise would be locally produced. Trying to compete with its Asian counterparts, the Philippines over the last ten years has been pushing to industrialize. 566 Globalization, Poverty, and the North-South Divide facing the international community, the governors agreed, was to build a success-ful, truly global economy that works well for all people and addresses the wide-spread poverty that remains "the unacceptable face of the global … Unfortunately, the government continues to develop industrialized areas of the Philippines such as Manila and Cavite, in efforts to push industrialization. Since signing the AOA the Philippine government has pushed the importation of goods. Having a history in which power throughout the years has exchanged many hands, Philippines has taken many years to perfect its political systems. Per Lim, in area of Mindanao ambulances are on standby when pesticides are sprayed because they are that harmful to people. 14). To conclude the findings of the report, the Philippines has been seeing multiple changes in its economy. The main issues it addresses are deglobalization and transformation of the global economy, trade, poverty and social-economic justice and the commons, peace and democracy, climate justice. In the 1980’s the Philippines fully supported trade openness in hopes to boost foreign markets and free trade agreements. Required fields are marked *. This has excited the economy because it bigger countries such as China are beginning to invest in the Philippines and sees potential that it will bring back its spent revenue. Although the Philippines cannot contribute aid in terms of actual money, it can give aid by its labor force. As the land allotted for rice fields and other agricultural resources are diminishing, culture and tools of trade are being lost. 'The odour of burning wakes us': inside the Philippines' Plastic City. In terms of financial aid, the Philippines is not shy when it comes to being upfront about foreign aid with the US being one of its biggest benefactors. But over the last couple years with efforts to push into the 21st century the Philippine’s agricultural economy and lush environment has taken a toll. Experimenting with rice production in the Philippines is beneficial to its Asian neighbors, countries such as Brunei (Jennings). However, focusing solely on what makes the Philippines different runs the risk of replicating the very modes of exclusion it tries to veer away from. Focus on the Global South Philippines Programme has been implementing in the Philippines, since November 2001, the regional programme of Focus on Global South. After the end of World War II, much of Europe was in ruins. 2012. Looking to the positive aspects of trade within the economy, trade openness has created an alliance and security with the world’s leading countries almost ensuring that the interest in the Philippine economy will never falter. Since the Philippine economy and its revenue stems from agriculture, it was a mistake to commercial that much land in such a short time. – This paper aims to provide a conceptual framework to analyse whether the global concept of sustainable city, generally produced as a goal in the cities of the global North, will be equally suitable in the cities of the global South or not., – Research has been based on a review of the literature, which has been collected from books, journals, reports and soft‐materials of the internet. A. I trust that within the next upcoming twenty to thirty years, with the right governance, aid and support, Philippines will be competing with their neighbors at equal or even better rates. It has also encouraged the emergence of a new working class with shared characteristics. By emphasizing differ- ence, the implicit message is the need to bridge that gap via imitation: if only the global In addition to this, the openness of the trade market has added to the countries increasing unemployment rate because of the industrialization of the agriculture sector. Its population is approximated to be 200,000 in 2010 census. Your email address will not be published. Their government has yet to put in place programs to help the poor and regulate funding for projects in the provinces. A commonly used pesticide in banana production is MOCAP. Since land has become scarce for traditional agricultural resources, the Philippine farming sector has shifted its production from resources such as rice and corn to more appealable/sellable goods such as mangoes, cassava, asparagus etc. It has also created an economy dependent on importing because they can no longer produce those good locally leading to an increase in debt among the people. I think that the Philippines has all the tools and support to fully globalize and industrialize, however the political systems in place need to be stronger and more coherent with the goals of the public. Patalinghug states, “These inadequacies seem to indicate that the Philippines is a state with weak capability due to its inability to adequately provide functions that are characteristics of a state with minimal capacity.” (pg. With their system of government as of now, those who are in high positions of power such as those already in government, military positions, figure heads and those with above average income, the programs in place only benefit and protects them. Pros being that the trade openness has created a security and alliance with the world’s leading countries. Most recently, together Even in the Global North, some regions within the developed countries live in conditions that resemble the conditions of the Global South. The problem of difference. The ratio of per While the trade market is flourishing, the impact of trade has affected the labor force in the most negative way. With the pressure to industrialize, the land traditionally allotted for agriculture is also facing disparities when seeing the movement towards industrialization over all the islands. A lot of this aid in the recent years has been used to improve rice technology, for example, machinery used in harvesting or water irrigation systems. 1980. They are mainly located in the town [...]. This aid has been used to fund developmental projects such as infrastructure, roads and buildings. I think that the overall impact of globalization in regards to the environment and the health of the people has done more harm than good. Armillas-Tiseyra, Magalí. The Global South is not a Place, it is a Mind-Set. Globalization can be both negative and positive. Philippines is a beautiful country in Asia that has dealt with the powers of Globalization. It has also encouraged the emergence of a new working class with shared characteristics. Globalization within the past ten to fifteen years has drastically shaped its economy and culture. The economically poor are neglected which entails that those coming from the province for example, do not have the same educational opportunities as those from industrialized areas, with those coming from provinces stopping education at the age of 16 to work in agriculture. ture about multi-locality in the Global North and South. Middle East) A map showing the worlds North-South Divide Although using such things has produced better products, the health of the workers come at a great risk. HEADQUARTERS Focus on the Global South 4th Floor Wisit Prachuabmoh Building Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road Bangkok 10330, THAILAND Tel: +66 2 218 7363 Fax: +66 2 255 9976. Orbeta states that while the market is flourishing, “the cheap imports from low wage economies flood highly developed economic markets”. Not only is a majority of the local workforce being targeted by industrialization, but there is also a compromise of culture because the knowledge of years of farming and living sustainable through the land has swiftly been coming to an end. Views of Each Other. On the other hand, global South generally includes all the countries in Africa, Latin America, and developing parts of Asia (e.g. Joining the World Trade Organization or better known as the ‘WTO’ in 1995, Philippines has experienced changes in its agriculture economy shifting towards industrial and exportation production. Leaders from the Global South emerge as much more optimistic than those from the Global North. Those who are hurt are those who work low skilled jobs, such as people in agriculture. If you need help faster you can always use our custom writing service. The state of the Philippine government shapes the ways in which trade, finance, and the environment are affected. Focus Philippines undertakes policy research and engages government agencies on national policy-making; it is involved in advocacy work and generates alternative information and critical analyses in aid of national and global debates; it builds networks and alliances and contributes to grassroots capability building. 1980. Starting with the 2000’s the Philippines signed a new trade agreement called the AOA (Agreement on Agriculture) that would result in the reduction of agricultural subsidies to the north which would improve market access to countries that export agricultural products (Lim). 10). Another area in which the Philippines has been revolutionizing is the trade market and this area has not been lacking within the last ten years. The conversion of agricultural land to exporting zones, industrial centers and real estate has led to a loss of agricultural resources and loss of the country’s best soil. The Global South 7 (2): 2-10. Eva Dick’s study focus is on migration and ur-banisation dynamics in the South. Another factor that plays into the Philippine political system is corruption, which unfortunately for many developing countries is the case when no solid government is in place. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Within a few years, America departed [...], To a certain extent, I agree that it is effective in reducing poverty because it will help some workers who really come from a poor background. Thus, five million hectares in land that was once used for rice farming has now gone down to 1.9 million hectares. insofar its conduct of city or transtate diplomacy is concerned. This benefits the average Filipino because they can vote and voice their opinion. Global South meaning: 1. the group of countries that are in Africa, Latin America, and the developing parts of Asia: 2…. There are 146 cities of the Philippines as of September 7, 2019. Learn more. The commercialization and industrialization of farm land misplaces farmers and those who work low skilled labor jobs in the agricultural sector. e global south is said to mimic its counterparts in the north. Among the profitable companies in the country, JG Summit has almost always figured in the top 10 or 20 of the Philippine Stock Exchange, and in 2019 was one of six companies from the Philippines named on Forbes’ 17th Annual Global 2000, an international ranking of the world’s biggest, most powerful, and most valuable publicly-listed companies. In presenting issues, in doing analysis, in making positions and defining alternatives to achieve systemic change, the Philippines programme strives to take their perspectives. The survey asked about the relative amount of influence and financial support for global Christianity from the West (defined as the U.S. and Europe) and the Global South (defined as Africa, Asia and Latin America). The mushrooming office parks, booming catering, crowds of night-shift workers celebrating the end of their shift and twenty-four-hour metro shuttles are some of the indicators. Dicken, Peter. Academics and researchers from the Global South are disadvantaged in many ways and are not only regarded as less valuable, but are often valued less than those from the Global North. Moreover, this is an indication that the benefits of globalization largely accrue to the capitalists and not the working class. 'North/South', in this case, are enlarged categories that, in spite of representing specific geographical locations, go beyond the limits of the borders they create. With millions of people dead due to war and starvation and most European economies decimated, the United States decided to jumpstart the process of rebuilding Europe by providing financial aid to the countries of Western Europe. Economic migrants also drain the resources in the Global South although some are undocumented and do not pay taxes. Globalization has been a huge factor in the way the Philippines has been shaped over the last ten years and although industrialization is supposed to have positive impact on developing countries, the negative impacts can also be seen throughout the islands and by the people. This shift has not come without a cost. Focusing on the years from 1980’s to 2011 and onwards to now, the Philippines has experience some major changes in its economy all due to globalization. The Global North-South economic divide is just one of them. WMF certainly isn't credited for coining the term, but certainly for propagating its usage for the past few years in many different contexts. Thirty-three of these are highly urbanized cities (HUC), five are independent component cities (ICC), with the rest being component cities (CC) of their respective provinces. However, like most developing countries, the Philippines has fallen to corruption which has created distrust between the government and its people. Again, the use of such pesticides has shown harm to the land through soil erosion and desertification indicating that such chemical is too harsh to be used on products that are distributed and consumed. Those who are considered economically poor are sadly at the short end of the stick. Specifically, during the Marcos Administration in the years of 1980 to 1985, financial openness was at a low because of the existence of monopolies in the market which reduced investment and led to extensive borrowing (Deluna pg. 2021 © PapersOwl.com - All rights reserved. Seen in this light, a global south perspective is indeed different. Cambridge: MIT Press. Generally, definitions of the Global North is not exclusively a geographical term, and it includes Australia, Canada, Europe, Israel, Japan, New Zealand, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan (ROC) and the United States. The overall lasting effects of trade openness has been detrimental to the economy. Regional shares of global carbon dioxide emissions ore given in Table 1. The Middle East and Brazil: Perspectives on the New Global South. The desired outcome of this was to obtain funds while having the opportunity to invest in others (Deluna). In the late 1990’s to the early 2000’s and onward the Philippine government has taken on a system comparable to the US. In most third world countries as well as developing countries, the postcolonial period saw a rise in state-centric approaches of governance, due to the absence of private capital and lack of advanced market. Trade openness has since benefited those working with MNC’s, those who possess high skill jobs, and those who live within the more industrialized parts of the islands. In its country initiatives, the Philippines programme also devotes efforts on national and sector-based issues through its various thematic programs; two key Philippine projects are the Development Roundtable Series (DRTS) and Deconstructing Discourse and Activist Retooling Program (DDARP). Moving onto the three main functions: minimal, intermediate and activist, the Philippine government aims to employ these parts when structuring their economy as seen in the chart above (Patalinghug pg. In the year 2010 alone, trade between the US and Philippines was estimated to be roughly around $15.4 billion (Deluna pg. To order reprints of this article, please contact Dewey Palmieri at dpalmieri{at}iijournals.com or 212-224-3675. 26 students ordered this very topic and got original papers. Global neglect of millions forced from their homes by conflict branded 'pitiful' Commercializing farm land and the use of harsh pesticides has led to soil erosion and desertification resulting in the decrease of products for export. It might have made its way into economic, or developmental lexicon at some point, propagated further by its usage as a non-profit terminology or perhaps, through research materials, as a politically acceptable euphemism. North-South: A Programme for Survival: Report of the Independent Commission on International Development Issues. The globalization for the areas of trade in the Philippine economy has proved to hold both pros and cons. Specifically it is used in conjunction with the MaxMind IP geolocation tool to group page requests. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Our editors will help you fix any mistakes and get an A+! The government is finding its footing and assessing whether the responsibilities they set out for themselves are a right fit for the people. The Philippines has a three-part judiciary system in which there is a legislative, executive, and judicial branch with the president being the head of state and government. I think that the overall benefit of financial aid from multiple countries has benefited the Filipino economy especially those who lived in industrializes areas because it has created a new workforce. The North–South divide (or Global North and Global South) is a socio-economic and political division of Earth popularized in the late 20th century and early 21st century. When one hears the term globalization we think vast trade routes, political systems that are ever changing, and culture either being enhanced of destroyed. Seeing the list of responsibilities that their government has taken on Patalinghug critiques, “that although the government has moved on from basic services to things such as the regulation of markets, it has yet to provide programs that alleviate the conditions of the economically poor.” (pg. This study is expected to provide a broader look on issues within which the Global South is inscribed. This agreement would have benefited the Philippine economy, however since choosing to industrialize this agreement does not benefit the agriculture sector because developing countries, like the Philippines has little to no domestic product to export because of industrialization. Much of the Philippine islands are provinces that are neglected and left in shams. By definition, Globalization is the “global integration of international trade, investment, information technology and cultures” (Investopedia, n.d.). Overall, the Philippines is a thriving economy. I believe that the intentions of the AOA and the Philippine government were good, but ultimately has failed its people. May 2019. In order for this essay to be answered, it needs to be split into several sections accordingly. Hire writing expert and save your time! More and more farmers in the provinces and commercialized farming sectors have begun to use pesticides and fertilizers with chemical unknown to locals. In addition, Philippines receives foreign aid as it is regarded as a developing country. Tokyo, London, New York, Paris, Manila. The origin of the term might have something to do with Anglican Church's usage of the term, w:en:Global_South_(Anglican), to describe Third world nations. The aid, agreed upon by the Philippine government and its beneficiaries, has been used to jump start or enhance rice production, inland fish farming and industrial crops. Overall, the benefits of financial aid may take some time to show, but for now the country can withstand some instability for long term stability. North-South: A Programme for Survival: Report of the Independent Commission on International Development Issues. One could almost say that it has yet to be “perfected” because of the multiple aspects of governance it tries to take on. Focus on the Global South Philippines Programme has been implementing in the Philippines, since November 2001, the regional programme of Focus on Global South. Many developing countries have experienced the effects of globalization in one form or another and the Philippines is no exception. However, there still exist many debates regarding the "side effects" of globalization toward the development of any country. Although the importation of goods is generally good, it has created a dependency on other countries such as China, Malaysia, and Indonesia being there top trading partners. Industrialization has also caused desertification in some areas as well as soil erosion. The total share of the developed countries also re-ferred as the North (that includes Australia/ New Zealand and China is included in 'South') in total world emissions is 70 per cent in 1988 and 77 per cent in cumulated emissions over 1950-88. In 2014 as an effort to create ties with Papua New Guinea, Filipinos migrated to PNG to aid in the need for more labor as their economy was slowly depleting.