Looking at how they connectstudy of more than one species in order to examine structural similarities and differences and analyze evolutionary trends.open body and examine the inside and possibly diagnosestudy of structures that can be seen with the naked eye(microscopic anatomy) examinations of tissues with microscope, the fine detailsfine detail of tissue revealed by electron microscopeinvented by Francis Bacon and Rene Descartes in late 1600s.Bacon: making numerous observations until confident enough to draw generalizations from them.first ask a question, then hypothesize how it is done that is consistent with what is already known and is testable. Physiological processes are the ways in which organ systems, organs, tissues, cells, and biomolecules work together to accomplish the complex goal of sustaining life.Physiological mechanisms are the smaller physical and chemical events that make up a larger physiological process. The major anatomy textbook, Gray’s Anatomy, has recently been reorganized from a systems format to a regional format to reflect this preference. Physiology (/ ˌ f ɪ z i ˈ ɒ l ə dʒ i /; from Ancient Greek φύσις (physis), meaning 'nature, origin', and -λογία (-logia), meaning 'study of') is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system. Biology is the natural science that studies life and living organisms, including their physical structure, chemical processes, molecular interactions, physiological mechanisms, development and evolution.
Pathophysiology focuses on how physiological processes fail to maintain normal function, resulting in the manifestation of disease symptoms.Human anatomy deals with how all parts of the human body interact to form a functional whole. Humans are more than the sum of their parts.a scientific philosophy which examines how complexity arises in all things and processes70% have most common structures. Anatomy provides information about structure, location, and organization of different parts of the body that is needed to truly understand physiology. Variable number of organs: missing muscles, extra vertebrae, aorta branchesliving things exhibit a higher level of organization than the nonliving entities around them. Microscopic anatomy is the study of tiny anatomical structures such as tissues and cells.Gross anatomy can be further subdivided into three different fields:Regional anatomy is widely used in modern teaching because it is easier to apply to a clinical setting than systemic anatomy. The traditional divisions by system are somewhat arbitrary. While anatomy and physiology study different aspects of human biology, together they provide a more complete picture of what the human body is and how it works. There are definite boundaries and you can tell the difference between them.a mass of similar cells and cell products that form discrete regions of an organ and perform specific functionsthe smallest units of an organism that carry out all the basic functions of lifemicroscopic structures in a cell that carry out its individual functionsmake up of organelles and other cellular componentsthe smallest particles with unique chemical identitiestheory that a large, complex system such as the human body can be understood by studying its simpler componentsthere are “emergent properties” of the whole organism that cannot be predicted by studying simpler components. Human physiology studies the functions of humans, their organs and cells, and how all of these functions combine to make life, growth, and development possible.Homeostatis is the maintenance of the body’s overall inner resistance to change. Together with anatomy, these are the three primary disciplines within the field of human biology. For example, an anatomist may study the types of tissues found in different parts of the heart, while a physiologist may study how the heart regulates blood flow to supply oxygen to other organs in the body. neurophysiology a sub-discipline of Physiology. Radiobiology. Furthermore, many aspects of physiology are not easily categorized by traditional definitions of organ systems because they are composed of interactions between organs in multiple organ systems.The study of how physiology is altered in disease is pathophysiology.